Baby Emperor Penguin Diving Video Back Under Mother Gif

101 Facts… PENGUINS! by IP Factly

Over 101 absurd facts about the cutest birds in the earth.
Information technology contains facts, photos and crawly videos that prove u.s.a. more than about these well-loved creatures.

The YouTube video playlist below contains videos about Penguins. Details of the videos featured are underneath.

The Playlist:

1. Emperor penguins – The Greatest Wild animals Show on Earth – BBC
2. Rockhopper Penguins Hop to the Top – Penguins: Spy in the Huddle – Episode 1 Preview – BBC One
3. Emperor chicks standing tall – Penguins: Spy in the Huddle – Episode 2 Preview – BBC One
4. Emperor Penguins commencement come across with PenguinCam – Penguins: Spy in the Huddle – BBC One
5. King penguins and their young – David Attenborough – BBC wildlife
6. Macaroni Penguins – Attenborough: [easyazon-link asin="B000BJS4FS" locale="the states"]Life in the Freezer[/easyazon-link] – BBC
7. Penguins Practice the Wave to Go on Warm past NationalGeographic
8. Emperor Penguins Speed Launch Out of the Water by NationalGeographic
9. Penguins Dressed for Success by NationalGeographic
10. King Penguins and Fur Seals – BBC Planet Globe
11. Emperor Penguins five Leopard Seal – [easyazon-link asin="B001957A4E" locale="u.s.a."]Blue Planet[/easyazon-link] – BBC Globe
12. National Geographic Live! : Paul Nicklen: Emperors of the Ice

Contents

Full general Penguin Facts
History
Beefcake
Adaptations for Aquatic Life
Eating Habits
Advice
Reproduction
Adelie Penguins
African Penguins
Emperor Penguins
Galapagos Penguins
Gentoo Penguins
King Penguins
Macaroni Penguins
Lesser Known Penguin Species
Final Facts
Photograph Credits

Full general Penguin Facts

Penguins are just one of the forty flightless birds that exist in the world today. Like other flightless birds, they cannot fly because they take minor wing basic.

There are nearly xx penguin species, all of which live in the southern half of the globe.

Not all penguins live in the Antarctic. They are likewise found in Argentina, Australia, Chile, Ecuador, New Zealand and South Africa.

Emperor Penguin, Atka Bay, Weddell Sea, Antarctica.

Penguins range in size between one and four feet tall. The largest species can be establish in the Antarctic, while the smaller ones are scattered in more temperate regions.

A penguin'south lifespan ranges from six years to over twenty years in the wild, with larger penguin species usually living longer. Penguins in captivity tin alive upwards to xxx or 40 years old.

There are no item names for male and female penguins – they are merely categorized as either male person or female.

It is nearly impossible to tell a male person penguin apart from a female penguin but by looking – a very close examination is necessary.

Most penguins alive in groups of more than one hundred pairs. A group of penguins is chosen a rockery while a group of young penguins is called a creche. Sometimes, a group of penguins on land or ice is as well called a waddle while a group of penguins in the water is called a raft.

Great colony of virtually threescore,000 pairs of hatching Male monarch Penguins in Salisbury apparently on Southward Georgia.

Most penguins are black and white. All the same, one in fifty,000 has grayish-brownish feathers. These penguins are chosen isabelline penguins and tend to live shorter lives than normal penguins, mainly considering they lack camouflage and are shunned by the other penguins.

The name 'penguin' actually means 'great auk'. However, while the great auk, which became extinct in the mid-18^th century, indeed looked like a penguin and was besides flightless, it belongs to a different grouping of birds and is just distantly related to penguins.

All penguins migrate from their feeding grounds to their convenance grounds. They do non travel long distances, ordinarily traveling for less than one hundred miles.

Lifecycle of the Emperor Penguin

History

Penguins are believed to have evolved from flying birds roughly 65 one thousand thousand years agone. Why they lost their ability to fly remains a mystery, although some scientists believe that they gave upwardly on flying because pond was more energy efficient.

The oldest known penguin, the Waimanu manneringi, lived 62 1000000 years ago. They looked more like loons and swam similar them, with only their feet beneath water.

About 45 million years ago, giant penguins appeared. The tallest known penguin is the Anthropornis nordenskjoldi, or the Nordenskjoeld's Behemothic Penguin, which could achieve a peak of five feet seven inches and a weight of 90 kg (200 pounds) which is like in size to a female human.

Anthropornis nordenskjoeldi, a giant penguin from the early Oligocene.

The Icadyptes salasi was also a behemothic penguin which lived nigh 36 1000000 years ago. It was five-anxiety alpine and had a long, sparse nib like a heron. Its fossils were constitute in the tropics of Peru, suggesting that it was ane of the few penguin species to thrive in a warmer climate.

Giant penguins disappeared near 25 million years ago. Co-ordinate to scientists, this may have been because toothed whales became widespread and out-competed the penguins for fish.

Paratepnodytes and Paleosphenicus took the place of the giant penguins. They were smaller, less than two anxiety alpine. Paratepnodytes were stouter and had large feet while Paleosphenicus were more slender.

Between 20 and 12 meg years ago, the half-dozen genera of modern penguins appeared. These are the Sphenicus (banded penguins), the Aptenodytes (the dandy penguins), the Eudyptes (crested penguins), the Pygoscelis (the castor-tailed penguins), the Eudyptula and the Megadyptes.

Rock hopper penguin at Edinburgh Zoo.

Beefcake

Penguins may not have whatever visible ears but they tin hear merely also as other birds with a range of 0.1 to viii kiloHertz. They are able to hear calls from other members of their colony over long distances, especially calls from their own chicks or mates, which they can pick out from the crowd.

Penguins take special flattened eyes which allow them to see both in a higher place and below water, although they can see better from underwater. Their eyes take many blood vessels, which go along the optics warm and prevent them from freezing.

Penguins too have a special membrane over their eyes called the nictating membrane. This transparent membrane acts equally an extra eyelid that helps keep the eyes warm, especially when swimming.

Gentoo Penguin swimming underwater at Nagasaki Penguin Aquarium, Nagasaki, Japan.

Penguins accept more than feathers than whatsoever other bird – lxxx feathers per square inch. This keeps the h2o out and maintains their body heat.

Penguins accept a special gland near their tails called the preen gland. This produces oil that the penguins spread across all their feathers as an extra layer of protection against the common cold. It as well prevents bacteria and algae from sticking to the feathers.

Gentoo Penguin Swimming.

Penguins lose all of their feathers one time a year in a process called moulting. During this time, they cannot swim to find food, so they fatten upwards beforehand.

The blackness and white design of a penguin's coat is chosen countershading. Their black backs cover-up them from higher up when they are in the water, while their white bellies camouflage them from below, preventing seals and killer whales from seeing them equally they swim.

King penguin underwater.

Like other animals that live in common cold environments, penguins accept a layer of fat beneath their skin called blubber which helps keep them warm.

Penguins have salt glands above their eyes which filter the common salt from their bloodstream. This allows them to drink saltwater safely, although they do not practise so on purpose.

When penguins sneeze, information technology is not because they are allergic or have a cold. Rather, they sneeze to miscarry the extra salt from their bodies.

Penguins do not urinate or defecate (they do non pee or poop). Their only waste matter product is a white paste of uric acrid.

The shape of a penguin's beak varies per species, depending on the diet. Penguins that eat mostly krill (little shrimp-like crustaceans) have short, wide beaks and penguins that eat mostly fish have long, narrow beaks.

King penguin showing off its bill at Edinburgh Zoo.

Adaptations for Aquatic Life

While penguins cannot use their wings for flying, they tin can definitely utilise them for swimming. In fact, penguins are the best swimmers amid birds, able to swim at over 32 km (20 miles) per hr!

The body of a penguin is congenital particularly for swimming. It is shaped like a spindle, stout in the middle but thin on both ends, which allows it to glide through the water.

Penguin at the Tennessee Aquarium in Chattanooga.

Sometimes, while swimming, penguins spring out of the water and tin can go as high as seven feet in the air. They could leap over most basketball players! This is called porpoising and allows penguins to swim faster, especially in guild to escape predators. Some scientists, however, say penguins simply do this for fun.

Unlike other bids, penguins have meaty, heavy bones. These bones allow them to dive deep underwater.

As well as beingness the best swimmers, penguins are likewise the all-time divers amid birds. They can dive for over 100 meters at speeds of 27 km (17 miles) per hour and hold their jiff for over fifteen minutes.

Penguins have webbed feet simply like ducks. They are located at the far dorsum of their bodies so as to serve as rudders in the h2o and allow them to stand upward straight on land.

Well-nigh penguins have wedge-shaped tails that help them swim. On land, they use these tails for residue.

African penguins. Photo taken on Boulders Beach in Southward Africa.

Because of these abilities, it comes as no surprise that penguins are the near aquatic of all birds. In fact, penguins spend roughly 75% of their life in the water.

Eating Habits

Penguins are carnivores – pescivores in particular because they eat mostly fish. Larger penguin species consume different kinds of fish, large squid and crustaceans while smaller penguin species eat small squid and krill.

Porpoising Gentoos.

In lodge to hunt fish, penguins first wait for them during their dives and then chase after them. Sometimes, they happen upon a whole school of fish, where they pick off one fish and and then some other like a chicken pecking grain.

Penguins tin can only consume small fish underwater, though. If the fish is large, they accept to bring it upward to the surface and position it properly in their mouths, swallowing information technology head get-go.

Penguins do not have whatever teeth. Rather, they have strong beaks, brusk tongues and spines within their mouth that go all the way down to their pharynx, which help in grabbing and swallowing.

Penguins tin can digest their food very quickly – in as little as six hours. They tin as well delay this digestion for a few days, though, which is what mother penguins do in order to feed their immature with relatively fresh fish.

Antarctic adelie penguin feeding chick.

Some penguins accept been observed to deliberately swallow stones as big as 30 mm in diameter. According to scientists, this may assistance the penguins accomplish deeper dives and assist with digestion.

Communication

Penguins are very vocal. They accept basically three types of calls – the contact call, which they use to identify each other, the display call betwixt partners and the distress call.

Penguins also make a growling sound to threaten others. Growls are usually accompanied by stares and gapes. If these are unheeded, an attack will likely follow.

Emperor Penguin Calling, Atka Bay, Weddell Sea, Antarctica.

Penguins set on each other using their beaks. They use their beaks to try and hit each other, much like using swords, until someone backs off. Sometimes, these attacks are accompanied past loud squawks.

Penguins can as well communicate using various gestures such as flapping their wings and bobbing their heads. Sometimes, they bow their heads or hunch over when passing through the colony as a sign that they want to exist left lone.

Reproduction

The age at which penguins begin to reproduce varies between species, ordinarily depending on the size of the species. Smaller penguins can begin mating at 3 years of age while larger ones only begin mating betwixt six and viii years of age.

Penguins are monogamous, which means they take simply one mate each breeding flavour. Some penguins mate for life while others stick to i mate for a few seasons and and so cull another.

Courtship rituals vary depending on the species, just often involve some sort of bowing or dancing by the male. Once the female accepts the male, the ii spend plenty of time together strengthening their bail, preening each other, calling to each other, rubbing their bills together and sometimes even dancing together.

Courtship rituals between magellanic penguins on Península Valdés.

For most penguin species, nest edifice begins immediately after the female person accepts the male. Nests can be fabricated of twigs, leaves and other soft materials while other nests are made of rock. Some nests are made in the ground and others on rocks. Depending on the species, the nests in a colony can as well exist built close to each other or far autonomously.

Most penguins lay just 1 brood or clutch of eggs per season. However, the little blue penguin tin can have equally many equally three.

Penguins tin have a brood of one to three eggs depending on the species. The size of the eggs depends on the size of the species. The emperor penguin, for example, lays eggs that are nigh 13 cm (v inches) long, while the eggs of the little blue penguin are only three cm (just over an inch) long.

Overall, penguin eggs are the smallest eggs in relation to the size of the parents. The eggs are just most 2% to 5% of the developed'southward weight.

Egg of Adélie Penguin. Collection of Jacques Perrin de Brichambaut.

In nearly penguin species, both the male person and female take turns incubating the egg – keeping the egg warm. The incubation time ranges from 32 to 68 days. The larger the egg, the longer information technology takes to hatch.

One time the chick – the baby penguin – is ready to come up out, it can take almost upward to three days to suspension through the thick eggshell. Like other infant birds, penguin chicks have an egg tooth that they use to break out of their eggs.

Some of the yolk remains in the egg after the penguin chick hatches. This can serve as the chick's outset food as information technology waits to exist fed by its parents.

Penguin chicks are born helpless. They are blind and covered with merely sparse feathers, so their mother or father has to proceed them warm. After a few days, the chicks open up their eyes and over the weeks, their feathers gradually thicken until they tin can continue themselves warm.

In some species, penguin chicks course a group as soon as they can walk. They assemble together waiting to be fed, which usually happens one to three times a day.

King Penguin chicks, Gilded Harbour, South Georgia.

When they are a little older, penguin chicks can chase after their parents and hit them with their bills to beg for food. When this happens, the parent waddles abroad and ofttimes takes to the water to escape or expect for more nutrient.

Penguin chicks first get into the water when they are almost six months sometime. During this time, they still have their infant feathers which trap the air, making them float. This ways they cannot drown merely it too means they cannot go underwater. Once they can become nether the water, they acquire to swim on their own past practicing for hours at a fourth dimension.

Unfortunately, only about 10% to twenty% of penguin chicks brand it past their start year. Many starve or freeze to expiry while others are preyed on by large birds or seals.

King Penguin Chick at Salisbury Plainly.

In some cases, when a mother penguin loses her chick, she is so devastated that she tries to steal the chick from another pair. This, withal, is rarely successful since female parent penguins fiercely defend their chicks and because other adult penguins help defend the mother being attacked.

If an Antarctic penguin survives its first twelvemonth, it can live through to onetime age. Penguins in Antarctica have no real land predators, but they do have predators in the water such as leopard seals and killer whales.

Penguins can abound very fast. Some take only fifty days to become from a chick to a fully grown adult, while others have little more than a yr.

Emperor Penguins with Chicks.

Adelie Penguins

The Adelie penguins are medium-sized penguins in the Antarctic known for looking like they're wearing tuxedos. They also have white rings around their optics, without which their optics would be hard to spot, and feathers covering most of their red bills.

Adelie penguins have an interesting way of behaving at the edge of the ice. They grade a line, moving closer and closer to the border until someone falls in. The rest of the penguins then crane their necks to run into if the penguin that cruel in is unharmed. If all is well, they so jump into the water 1 subsequently some other.

Adelie Penguin.

Scientific enquiry shows that Adelie penguins once fed mostly on fish but changed their diet to more often than not krill around the 18^th century when the krill-feeding Antarctic fur seal and baleen whales began to reject. Adelie penguins probable took advantage of the krill surplus and helped them avoid competing with other Antarctic penguin species for food.

African Penguins

The African penguin, which can be found in Southward Africa, has a pinkish gland in a higher place its eyes. This pink gland helps the penguin cope with changing climates. It turns red when blood is sent to the gland to be cooled downward by the surrounding air.

African Penguin, Boulders Embankment, South Africa.

African penguins are too called blackness-footed penguins because of their blackness feet. They as well have blackness markings on their chest which are unique to each individual, simply similar human fingerprints.

African penguins can brand very loud sounds that are similar to the brays of a ass. For this reason, they are as well known equally jackass penguins.

Jackass penguins (African penguins) at Boulders Beach, Simonstown, Due south Africa.

Emperor Penguins

The emperor penguin is the largest of the penguins. Information technology tin can reach a acme of four feet (which is the boilerplate tiptop of a seven year old human child). With a weight of up to 45 kg (99 pounds), it is the 5th heaviest bird in the world.

Emperor Penguin, Atka Bay, Weddell Sea, Antarctica.

Emperor penguins can dive to depths of more than 500 meters – deeper than any other bird. They tin can also hold their jiff for more than than twenty minutes, a outcome of their ability to regulate their blood circulation and oxygen intake.

Male emperor penguins give off loud courtship or display calls as they move around the colony. If the female person accepts this call, she will stand in front end of the male and mirror his movements, later which the pair will walk around together. Before the bodily mating process, males and females bow before each other deeply, their bills nearly reaching the ground.

Emperor penguins are the only penguins who breed during the Antarctic winter and who do not make nests. Rather, the male keeps the alone egg warm in the brood pouch higher up his anxiety.

Emperor penguins are the only species in which the male incubates the eggs solitary while the female goes to the bounding main for 2 months to feed.

Emperor penguin feeding a chick.

Transferring the egg from the female to the male can exist a tricky procedure. In some cases, the egg falls and the chick inside dies because the eggshell is not thick plenty to protect it from the freezing temperatures.

Emperor penguins are known to huddle in order to keep themselves warm. When they do, the chicks and juveniles are ordinarily kept in the middle, where information technology is warmest.

Galapagos Penguins

The Galapagos penguin is the nearly northern of all penguins. It lives in the Galapagos Islands, a group of islands straddling the equator in the Pacific Sea.

Galapagos penguin by putneymark.

While some penguins demand to continue warm, the Galapagos penguins need to continue themselves cool since the temperature on the islands can reach up to 28 degrees Celsius. They take to the water or stretch their flippers and hunch frontward when on land. They besides pant to cool their throats.

Galapagos penguins are 1 species of penguin that mate for life. Both parents incubate the unmarried egg, unremarkably for 38 to forty days, with one parent ever staying with the egg or chick.

Gentoo Penguins

The Gentoo penguin is the fastest swimmer of all the penguins. It tin can reach speeds of 22 miles per hour.

Gentoo penguins splashing ashore by Liam Quinn.

Gentoo penguins are as well the tertiary largest penguins, with adults growing up to iii feet (90 cm) in height. Those living in more northern areas tend to exist heavier than those in the southern areas.

Gentoo penguins accept the longest tail of all penguins. It is fabricated of stiff feathers that stick out and sweep from side to side as they waddle.

King Penguins

Rex penguins are the second largest penguins. They can attain a height of 95 cm (just over three feet) and weigh as much as 16 kg (35 pounds).

Male monarch Penguins in South Georgia. Photo © Samuel Blanc.

Female person king penguins lay pear-shaped eggs with soft shells which gradually thicken throughout the 55-day incubation period. The egg starts out white simply eventually becomes stake green.

King penguin chicks take longer to mature than other species. Information technology takes 14 to 16 months before they are fix to get out to bounding main. They are gear up to take their first dives usually during the second summer subsequently their birth, when fish are plentiful.

Rex Penguin at St. Andrews Bay, Southward Georgia by Liam Quinn.

Macaroni Penguins

The macaroni penguin gets its name from its distinct yellow crest. This crest is absent-minded in chicks and juveniles, merely developing at three to four years of historic period. The macaroni also has a thick orange beak and is the only penguin with crimson eyes.

Macaroni penguins are the most arable penguins in the world today, with over eleven 1000000 pairs.

Macaroni penguins fight without touching each other (known as air-cushioning) by Liam Quinn.

During the breeding season, a macaroni penguin's nutrition is made up of xc% krill. During this time, macaroni penguins consume more krill than any other seabird, eating about 9.2 one thousand thousand tons a year.

In that location are more than male macaroni penguins than females. Because of this, males have one of the most elaborate courtship displays amongst penguins. Female macaroni penguins are very choosy, ofttimes preferring experienced males for partners.

A male macaroni penguin's courtship display consists of bowing, waving its caput from side to side and making loud braying sounds. If the female accepts, she will bow to the male person and they will celebrate by making trumpeting sounds together.

Macaroni Penguin, Hannah Point, Livingston Island.

Macaroni penguins accept two eggs, although the second 1, which is roughly 30% larger than the beginning, is normally the only one to survive. Parents take turns incubating and end upwardly fasting for virtually 40 days, during which time they lose up to 40% of their body weight.

Lesser Known Penguin Species

The petty blueish penguin, also known as the fairy penguin, is the smallest penguin species. Little blue penguins are only 33 to 43 cm (13 to 17 inches) tall and weigh 1.5 kg (iii.3 pounds) on average.

The picayune blue penguin is the only penguin not to exhibit a black and white coloration. Instead, it is blueish and white, with a grey beak and bluish-gray or hazel eyes. It also has pink feet with black webbing.

Blue Penguin aka Fairy Penguin by Sinead Friel.

The Magellanic penguins were named after Ferdinand Magellan, the explorer who first spotted them. Magellanic penguins mate for life and, like other banded penguins, make their nests in burrows.

Like macaroni penguins, Snares penguins besides lay ii eggs. The 2d egg is up to 85% larger than the first and hatches kickoff, then the second chick is commonly the but ane to survive. Snares penguins come from New Zealand and are named after Snares Island where they brood.

Snares crested penguins.

White-flippered penguins are the only nocturnal penguins. They get into the bounding main to find nutrient as soon as information technology gets dark and so return to land just earlier dawn.

The chinstrap penguin gets its name from the band below its mentum, which looks like a helmet strap. This marking makes chinstrap penguins among the easiest penguins to identify.

Chinstrap Penguin at Cooper Bay, South Georgia by Liam Quinn.

Concluding Facts

Autonomously from walking and jumping, penguins can motion from place to identify past sliding on their bellies. This is known every bit tobogganing.

Chinstrap Penguins tobogganing South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.

Penguins never sleep deeply similar we do because of their fear of predators. Rather, they take short naps throughout the day, sometimes while continuing upwards and sometimes while lying on their bellies.

Penguins in the Antarctic show no fear of humans, probably because they are non used to having humans around and considering they lack land predators. Out of curiosity, they arroyo humans simply keep a altitude of about three feet.

Penguin visits researchers.

In June 2011, a penguin on the brink of expiry from exhaustion came ashore in New Zealand. Locals took care of information technology, nursing it back to health. The penguin was named 'Happy Feet' and became an international awareness. It was released back into the wild after a total recovery.

Photograph Credits

Photo01 & Front Embrace Emperor Penguin, Atka Bay, Weddell Bounding main, Antarctica past Hannes Grobe/AWI cc three.0

Photo02 Swell colony of about lx,000 pairs of hatching King Penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus) in Salisbury evidently on Due south Georgia. Pismire cc 3.0

Photo03 Lifecycle of the Emperor Penguin, Zina Deretsky, National Science Foundation

Photo04 Anthropornis nordenskjoeldi, a giant penguin from the early on Oligocene, Philip72 cc iii.0

Photo05 Rock hopper penguin at Edinburgh Zoo William Warby cc ii.0 www.flickr.com/photos/wwarby/11280208716/

Photo06 Gentoo Penguin pond underwater at Nagasaki Penguin Aquarium, Nagasaki, Nihon past Ken FUNAKOSHI world wide web.flickr.com/photos/[e-mail protected]/2388729621 creativecommons.org/licenses/past-sa/two.0/act.en_GB

Photo06b Gentoo Penguin Pond Priya Venkatesh cc3.0

Photo07 Male monarch penguin under water by Jeff Kubina creativecommons.org/licenses/past-sa/two.0/human activity.en_GB www.flickr.com/photos/[email protected]/132174537/

Photo08 King penguin showing off its beak at Edinburgh Zoo past William Warby cc 2.0 www.flickr.com/photos/wwarby/11280288994/

Photo09 Penguin at the Tennessee Aquarium in Chattanooga past The Pug Father cc two.0 www.flickr.com/photos/fleur-design/2751735121/

Photo10 African penguins. Photograph taken on Boulders Beach in Due south Africa by Charlesjsharp cc 3.0

Photo11 Porpoising Gentoos past Gilad Rom cc two.0 www.flickr.com/photos/[e-mail protected]/2346612272/

Photo12 Antarctic adelie penguins by Jerzy Strzelecki cc iii.0

Photo13 Emperor Penguin, Atka Bay, Weddell Body of water, Antarctica Hannes Grobe/AWI cc 3.0

Photo14 Kissing magellanic penguins on Península Valdés by longhorndave cc2.0 www.flickr.com/photos/davidw/2313927167/

Photo15 Egg of Adélie Penguin. Drove of Jacques Perrin de Brichambaut by Didier Descouens cc iii.0

Photo16 King Penguins, Gold Harbour, South Georgia past Serge Ouachée cc ane.2

Photo17 Rex Penguin Chick at Salisbury Plain by Liam Quinn from Canada cc2.0

Photo18 Emperor Penguins with Chicksby Michael Van Woert, NOAA NESDIS, ORA

Photo19 Adelie Penguin past Jerzy Strzelecki cc 1.2

Photo20 African Penguin, Boulders Beach, South Africa by Joachim Huber cc2.0 www.flickr.com/photos/sara_joachim/3186650051/ creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/human action.en_GB

Photo21 Jackass penguins (now politely know as African penguins) at Boulders Beach, Simonstown, South Africa by Derek Keats

cc2.0 www.flickr.com/photos/dkeats/3079587935/

Photo22 Emperor Penguin, Atka Bay, Weddell Sea, Antarctica by Hannes Grobe/AWI cc 3.0

Photo23 Emperor penguin feeding a chick by Mtpaley cc2.5

Photo24 Galapagos penguin past putneymark www.flickr.com/photos/[email protected]/1225204055 creativecommons.org/licenses/past-sa/2.0/deed.en_GB

Photo25 Gentoo Penguins splashing ashore by Liam Quinn www.flickr.com/photos/liamq/5607596749/ creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/deed.en_GB

Photo26 King Penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) in South Georgia by Photograph © Samuel Blanc cc3.0 eatables.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Manchot_royal_-_King_Penguin.jpg

Photo27 Rex Penguin at St. Andrews Bay, South Georgia by Liam Quinn cc2.0 www.flickr.com/photos/liamq/5849244500/

Photo28 Macaroni penguins fight without touching each other by Liam Quinn cc2.0 www.flickr.com/photos/liamq/5893100010/

Photo29 Macaroni Penguin, Hannah Bespeak, Livingston Island by Jerzy Strzelecki cc1.2

Photo30 Blueish Penguin aka Fairy Penguin past Sinead Friel www.flickr.com/photos/sineadfriel/7643186976/ creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/deed.en_GB

Photo31 Snares crested penguins by lin padgham cc2.0 world wide web.flickr.com/photos/[email protected]/2204677321

Photo32 Chinstrap Penguin at Cooper Bay, Due south Georgiaby Liam Quinn flickr.com/photos/[email protected]/5893803715 creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/deed.en_GB

Photo33 Chinstrap Penguins tobogganing South Shetland Islands, Antarctica by Liam Quinn www.flickr.com/photos/liamq/6020388906/

Photo34 Penguin visits researchers cc3.0 en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:AntarcticaSummer.jpg

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